'Umar ibn 'Abdul-'Aziz (d. 101H)
According to 'Abdullah ibn Bakr ibn Habib al-Sahmi: We were told by a
man in the mosque of Al-Junabidh that 'Umar ibn 'Abdul-'Aziz delivered a
sermon to the people in Khunasirah in which he said, "O people, you
were not created in vain, nor will you be left to yourselves. 1
Rather, you will return to a place in which Allah will descend in order
to judge among you and distinguish between you. Destitute and lost are
those who forsake the all- encompassing mercy of Allah, and they will be
excluded from Paradise, the borders of which are as wide as the heavens
and the earth. Don't you know that protection, tomorrow, will be
limited to those who feared Allah [today], and to those who sold
something ephemeral for something permanent, something small for
something great, and fear for protection? Don't you realize that you are
the descendants of those who have perished, that those who remain will
take their place after you, and that this will continue until you are
all returned to Allah? Every day you dispatch to Allah, at all times of
the day, someone who has died, his term having come to an end. You bury
him in a crack in the earth and then leave him without a pillow or a
bed. He has parted from his loved ones, severed his connections with the
living, and taken up residence in the earth, whereupon he comes face to
face with the accounting. He is mortgaged to his deeds: He needs his
accomplishments, but not the material things he left on earth.
Therefore, fear Allah before death descends and its appointed times
expire. I swear by Allah that I say those words to you knowing that I
myself have committed more sins than any of you; I therefore ask Allah
for forgiveness and I repent. Whenever we learn that one of you needs
something, I try to satisfy his need to the extent that I am able.
Whenever I can provide satisfaction to one of you out of my possessions,
I seek to treat him as my equal and my relative, so that my life and
his life are of equal value. I swear by Allah that had I wanted
something else, namely, affluence, then it would have been easy for me
to utter the word, aware as I am of the means for obtaining this. But
Allah has issued in an eloquent Book and a just example (sunnah)
by means of which He guides us to obedience and proscribes
disobedience." He lifted up the edge of his robe and began to cry and
sob, causing the people around him to break into tears. Then he stepped
down. That was the last sermon he gave before he died, may Allah have mercy on him.2
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